- The beginning of Byzantine history is marked by
Your answer:
the invasion of the Persians.
the invasion of the Germanic tribes
Constantine's conversion to Christianity.
Constantine's transfer of the capital of the Roman Empire to the East in 324.
- The following is NOT correct. The goals of Justinian's reign were
Your answer:
restoration of the Western provinces to the Empire.
reformation of laws and institutions.
democratization of Eastern society.
establishment of physical splendor through public works programs.
- Which of the following areas was NOT part of Justinian's reconquests in the West?
Your answer:
Gaul
Italy
Spain
Northern Africa
- Which is the most significant difference between the eastern and western Christian churches? The use of
Your answer:
incense in the liturgy.
prayers for the salvation of the dead.
vernacular languages in the liturgy.
icons in church.
- The outstanding feature of Byzantine civilization, compared with Western civilization, was the
Your answer:
continuation of a slave economy.
domination of the state by the church.
military nature of its government.
vitality of Eastern cities.
- The greatest accomplishment of the Tenth and Eleventh century Byzantine scholars is the preservation of
Your answer:
classical Greek democracy.
classical Greek literature.
classical Greek architecture.
the classical Roman form of government.
- Which of the following is NOT correct? The Eleventh Century schism between the Eastern and Western churches was provoked by
Your answer:
snobbery.
disputes over ecclesiastical jurisdiction.
rivalry over primacy within the church.
major dogmatic differences.
- Which of the following is NOT correct? The expansion of Islam in the first century of its existence may be attributed to
Your answer:
its fusion of Arab clans.
the military exhaustion of both the Persian and Byzantine empires.
a well-structured, hierarchical, missionary clergy.
a combination of fanaticism and toleration.
- In the Eighth and Ninth centuries Jews and Western Christians came into intimate contact with Islamic culture in
Your answer:
Jerusalem.
Baghdad.
Sicily.
Spain.
- By the fourteenth century, which of the following were the eventual heirs to the Byzantine Empire?
Your answer:
Ottoman Turks
Seljuk Turks
Venetians
Nicaeans
- Which of the following is NOT true concerning the fall of Constantinople in 1453?
Your answer:
It was a psychological shock to the Christian world.
It caused an exodus of Byzantine scholars and manuscripts to Italy and gave rise to the revival of Greek scholarship in the West.
It gave merchants incentives to find new trade routes to the East.
It symbolized the passing of the Middle Ages for both contemporaries and later historians.
- The great political contribution of the Merovingian king, Clovis, was the
Your answer:
invasion of the Eastern Roman Empire
founding of the Kingdom of Gaul.
establishment of the Ostrogothic Kingdom in Italy.
political unification of Gaul.
- The introduction of the stirrup led to the development of
Your answer:
the manorial system.
peasants becoming serfs.
a new military aristocracy.
a new bureaucratic aristocracy.
- The Donation of Pepin was
Your answer:
a division of the kingdom of the Franks among Pepin's sons.
the spread of Christianity by Charles Martel.
a confirmation of papal possession of the patrimony of St. Peter.
a donation of money and land which allowed St. Benedict to establish his monastic order.
- The great achievement of the early Middle Ages was
Your answer:
monumental art.
non-literate culture.
the single-family farm.
the militarization of society.
- The most important centers of scholarship in the Seventh and Eighth centuries were
Your answer:
Italy and Gaul.
Italy and England.
Ireland and Gaul.
Ireland and England.
- The coronation of Charlemagne as emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III was significant because it
Your answer:
symbolized the unification of Eastern and Western Christianity.
established the separation of church and state in the West.
gave the pope control over all territories south of Naples.
proclaimed the political and cultural autonomy of Western Europe.
- The Carolingian Renaissance resulted in
Your answer:
the standardization of the educational curriculum.
reform in hand writing.
development of a common scholarly language, medieval Latin.
all of the above
- The weakening of the Carolingian Empire allowed invasions by
Your answer:
Angles and Saxons.
Visigoths, Ostrogoths and Burgundians.
Franks, Vikings and Saracens.
Vikings, Saracens and Magyars.
- The wave of expansion that created the first East Slavic state involved the
Your answer:
Visigoths
Vandals
Ostrogoths.
Vikings.
- Yaroslav the Wise's contributions to Kievan society included
Your answer:
the building of churches
the codification of laws.
the promotion of learning.
all of the above
- Alfred the Great was the first king to
Your answer:
Christianized all the people of Britain and Ireland.
stopped the Vikings conquest of England.
drive the Normans from England.
repeled the Frankish invasions of the Sixth Century.
- Manorialism refers to
Your answer:
relationships between lords and vassals.
urbanization and the development of guilds between 1050 and 1300.
a lord's control over the serf on his fief.
economic organization of agricultural production.
- The following was NOT a reason for the eleventh century European expansion.
Your answer:
milder climate in previously uninhabitable areas
waning of Viking, Hungarian and Saracen raids
encouragement of wilderness settlement by lords
a new cultural emphasis on privacy
- Feudalism describes
Your answer:
a parton/client relationship between two freemen.
the program of church reform initiated by Pope Gregory VII.
the labor due a serf to his lord.
the church's right to invest the clergy with the symbols of ecclesiatical office.
- Vassalage
Your answer:
imposed obligations on both the vassal and his lord.
required military service of the vassal.
required that the lord protect and maintain his vassal.
all of the above
- Under the feudal system of private justice, lords and vassals had the right to do the following to their dependents
Your answer:
tax
judge
punish
all of the above
- Primogeniture describes
Your answer:
glebe lands belonging to priests.
large dowries inherited by daughters.
the equal division of property among sons and daughters.
the eldest son inheriting the fief.
- The Song of Roland gains its stature as the first masterpiece in French letters due to its portrayal of conflicts between
Your answer:
men and women.
nobility and peasants.
individualism and the new feudal orders.
church reform and secular reform.
- The leaders of the commercial revolution were
Your answer:
Venice, Florence and Rome.
Venice, Pisa and Genoa.
Pisa, Milan and Genoa.
Rome, Pisa and Genoa.
- What is the most distinctive feature of twelfth century urban life?
Your answer:
social hierarchy dominated by a closed aristocracy of patricians.
nobles and great landlords moved from the country into towns.
the decline in overseas trade.
fluid social division and vertical mobility that rewarded talent.
- The Norman Conquest of England
Your answer:
made England a part of Norway.
ended serfdom in England.
did not affect the status of the Saxon nobility.
made all land in England a fief held by the king.
- The eleventh century reform of the church was the direct result of revolt against
Your answer:
the papacy.
celibacy.
high ecclesiastic officials by rural clergy.
lay control of church offices and lands.
- Gregory VII's believed
Your answer:
simony was the best policy for distribution of ecclesiastical offices.
clerical celibacy was unenforceable.
Christian princes must answer to the pope in spiritual matters.
the Pope wielded absolute authority.
- The call for the First Crusade was intended for
Your answer:
the upper classes.
all faithful Christians.
the lower classes.
criminals and beggars.
- The Christian success during the First Crusades was largely due to
Your answer:
overwhelming numerical advantage.
disunity among the Muslim opposition.
military and technological superiority.
the strength of their religious conviction.
- For what purposes were military-religious orders such as the Templars and the Teutonic knights founded?
Your answer:
provide the primary source of troops for the invasion of Palestine
maintain safe routes to Palestine
provide bodyguards for the pope
administer the Christian kingdoms in Palestine
- A principal factor in the decline of Kievan Rus was the
Your answer:
resurgence of the Ottoman Empire.
invasion by the Seljuk Turks.
invasion by the Mongols.
invasion by veterans of the Fourth Crusade.
- The Golden Horde was the
Your answer:
original name for the founders of the Ottoman Empire.
part of the Mongol Empire that dominated all or most of the Russian lands until the Fifteenth Century.
name of Genghis Khan's original invading army.
nickname for the Christian army of the Fourth Crusade which, after crossing the Golden Horn, captured Constantinople.
- The acquisition of Novgorod was crucial to Ivan III's success because Novgorod was
Your answer:
a thinly populated area which offered vast new areas for colonization.
the symbolic religious center of Russia.
a German city.
a commercial center with ties to the West.