- The World's Columbian Exposition in 1892 was
Your answer:
a summit conference of North and South American governments held in Colombia to promote industrial development in the Americas.
the Chicago World's Fair.
a meeting held in the District of Columbia to expose industrial working conditions.
the first international labor relations conference held at Columbia University in New York City.
the meeting held in Chicago by the leaders of the major industrial unions, to find a method of cooperating in the struggle against big corporations.
- The Interstate Commerce Commission was established to
Your answer:
investigate and oversee railroad activities.
control fluctuations in the international grain market.
encourage interstate cooperation in commercial ventures.
regulate the disruptive activities of industrial unions.
encourage Americans not to buy imported goods.
- Which of the following was characteristic of modern industrial America after the Civil War?
Your answer:
the rapid spread of technological innovation and the factory system
a drop in price levels and a rise in interest rates
the impulse to drive rivals out of business and consolidate monopolistic powerv
exploitation of immense coal deposits as a source of cheap energy
all of these
- Which of the following statements accurately reflects the differences between single working-class women and married working-class women in the nineteenth century?
Your answer:
Married women commonly hired maids and cooks to ease the burden of their work at home, whereas single women usually did most of the work themselves.
Married women commonly worked under sweatshop conditions within the tenements, whereas single women often viewed outside work as an opportunity.
Married women worked in cigar factories, whereas single women did needlework at home.
Married women were able to work in factories because of the large number of unmarried women available to provide childcare.
Married women had the assistance of their husbands at home and in the factory, while single women accepted an ideology of domesticity based on the idea of separate spheres.
- The United States Steel Company was
Your answer:
Andrew Carnegie's steel company.
the steel company operated by the United States government when it nationalized the steel trust.
the first business capitalized at more than $1 billion.
created by J.P. Morgan to compete with Federal Steel.
the first company to issue stock to meet its huge capital needs.
- The Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Your answer:
fined violators up to $5,000 and a year in jail.
was interpreted by the Supreme Court in ways sympathetic to big business.
failed to define clearly either "trust" or "restraint of trade."
was passed because Congress feared that the trusts would stamp out all competition.
all of these
- The development of a system of indoor plumbing
Your answer:
helped to free homeowners from the web of local and state regulations that had burdened them.
helped to spread disease by more quickly bringing polluted water directly into the home.
resulted in the phenomenal waste of water.
was typical of the technological breakthroughs that simplified everyday life in the nineteenth century.
C and D
- The New South Creed was a belief held by
Your answer:
industrialists that the South's natural resources and cheap labor made it a natural site for industrial development.
white supremacists that "the South will rise again" through the subjugation of the black race.
fundamentalist Southern Baptists that the "Second Coming" of Christ was close at hand.
aristocratic southern families that the South would flourish again only if it returned to the plantation system.
Northerners that a new “accomodationist” approach had to be used if the south were to be brought back to economic health.
- How did industrialization affect skilled craftsmen?
Your answer:
Subdividing the manufacture of a product into smaller jobs meant that an individual no longer manufactured an entire product.
Skilled craftsmen were needed to operate machinery.
The tension of assembly-line work caused formerly sober, disciplined craftsmen to drink on the job.
Skilled craftsmen were transformed into "aristocrats" in the world of labor.
all of these.
- Which of the following statements about upward mobility in the late nineteenth century is the most accurate?
Your answer:
Andrew Carnegie's rise from poverty to colossal wealth was typical of the opportunities open to immigrants in America.
Few industrial leaders came from the privileged classes because they were too soft to make it in the world of competitive capitalism.
Skilled workers had few opportunities to rise to the top in small companies.
Those immigrants who got ahead in the late nineteenth century were more likely to go from rags to respectability than from rags to riches.
Middle class Americans tended to slide downward more often than rise upward in socio-economic rank.
- Approximately how was wealth distributed in America in 1890?
Your answer:
Ten percent of American families owned 73 percent of the nation's wealth.
Fifty percent of American families--a large middle class--owned 73 percent of the nation's wealth.
Wealth was so evenly distributed that the United States, unlike European countries, was essentially a classless society.
Seventy-five percent of American families owned all of the wealth, and 25 percent owned nothing.
none of these
- In 1866 the newly organized National Labor Union embraced a wide range of reformist and political goals except
Your answer:
ending convict labor.
relaxing restrictions on immigration.
endorsing the cause of working women.
the eight-hour day.
establishing a federal department of labor.
- The Knights of Labor advocated a great association of all workers except
Your answer:
Catholics and Jews.
women.
liquor dealers.
immigrants.
blacks.
- Samuel Gompers, head of the American Federation of Labor, advocated
Your answer:
"trade unionism, pure and simple," concentrating on practical issues like wages and hours
"one big union," welcoming both skilled and unskilled workers.
broad social reforms by getting pro-labor politicians elected.
an end to “that relic of barbarism,” the strike.
that skilled craftsmen give up their autonomy in order to create solidarity with unskilled workers in the union.
- Adam Smith, author of The Wealth of Nations, argued that
Your answer:
self-interest acted as an "invisible hand" in the marketplace, automatically regulating the supply of and demand for services.
mechanization would become the "invisible hand" and automation would eliminate human labor.
wealth should be distributed evenly throughout society: each according to his need, each according to his ability.
inexorable natural laws controlled the social order.
a single tax would solve the nation's uneven distribution of wealth.